Today we are going to talk about how to classify ships according to their size.This category is often used in merchant ships.Ships come in a variety of sizes.Today we are going to talk about 6 main categories that categorize them.
1. Handy / Handymax
2. Aframax
3. Panamax / New Panamax
4. Suezmax
5. Cape Size
6. VlCC / ULCC
1. Handy / Handymax
A ship of this size is usually about 150 - 200m long(length).These ships are traditionally used to transport dry cargo with a capacity of at least 60000TPM.Most cargo ships are of this size.This is because a ship of this size can easily enter any international port.Also, ships of this size can be handled very easily.Nowadays, many shipping companies are more inclined to buy ships of this size.
2. Aframax
Average Freight Rate Assessment or AFRA is a medium sized vessel with a capacity between 80,000 and 120,000 TPM.Aframax vessels can be loaded with over 700000 crude oil casks. These ships are mostly used for short and medium distance oil trade. Mainly in low production region. The beam of the vessels is restricted to 32.3 m.These ship sizes gain their title from the Average Freight Rate Assessment schematic devised by the shipping conglomerate Shell in the mid 1950s.
3. Panamax / New Panamax
Ships with the maximum size that can pass through the Panama Canal are called Panamax Size ships.Ships of the Panamax size range belong to the following measurements.
• Length = 294m
• Beam = 32.3m
• Draft = 12m
• Height = 57.91m
• 5000 TEU
In 2016, the size of the Panama Canal was increased under the Panama Canal Expansion Project. Later, larger ships were able to pass through the Panama Canal.Thereafter, ships with the maximum size that could pass through the Panama Canal became known as the New Panamax size ships.The measurements required for a ship of that size are as follows.
• Length = 366m
• Beam = 49m
• draft = 15.2m
• 12,000 TEU
Cargo ships and Oil Tanker are common in the Panamax and New panamax categories.Their capacitance can range from 50,000 to 80,000 TPM.
4. Suezmax
Ships of the maximum size that can pass through the Suez Canal belong to this category. Ships of this size have a capacity of between 120,000 and 200000 TPM. These are medium sized ships.There is no definite limit to the maximum length and width that these ships can have. Ships with a draft less than 20m can pass through this. But the maximum height set by the Suez canal bridge.The average ship is about 275 meters long.
5. Capesize
The Suez and Panama canals were designed to shorten the ship's route. Prior to the construction of the canal, all ships passed through Cape Point, South Africa.
Capesize ships are vessels that are not allowed to cross the Panama and Suez Canals. They are bulk carriers serving deep water terminals such as iron ore or coal and must pass through the Cape Horn in South America or the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. TPMs can transport between 80,000 and 175,000 TPMs, and ports lack the infrastructure to obtain them.
6. VLCC / ULCC
VLCC stands for Very Large Crude Carriers. These are oil tankers. These ships are capable of carrying a capacity between 150000 and 320000 TPM.
ULCC stands for Ultra Large Crude Carriers. These are even larger than VLCC. The world's largest ships also fall into this category. These are also known as Supertankers. These ships are capable of carrying between 320000 and 550000 TPM.
These ships are used to cover extensive routes from the Middle East to Europe, East Asia and North America via the Cape of Good Hope or the Strait of Malacca. Their extensive size requires terminals that are specifically built for them.
In addition, there are several other ship classifications that need to be talked about. Below is a brief introduction about them
Seawaymax
Suitable for passing through the San Lorenzo sea route and therefore gain access from the Atlantic to the Great Lakes region of North America.Such kinds of vessels have lengths of about 226 meters with widths of about 24 meters and drafts up to 8 meters.
Malaccamax
The maximum size allowed for crossing the Strait of Malacca (Southeast Asia).These ship sizes measure about 400 meters lengthwise with a DWT up to 165,000 DWT.
Q-Max
LNG ships with the maximum allowable size at Qatar’s LNG terminal.These cargo ships have a capacity to carry about 266,000 cubic meters LNG.
Chinamax
High-capacity and wide cargo ships for certain routes with China.China Max ships have a Dead Weight Tonnage (DWT) of up to 4,00,000 tonnes and measure about 360 meters lengthwise with a breadth of about 65 meters and a draft of about 25 meters.
The entire shipping industry depends on the smooth functioning of this merchant classification. The operational viability of the ship and its nutrition helped to nurture the global cargo shipping domain and the integrity of a commercial setting is fully and strictly protected across borders.
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